Vitamin D level and some of its related factors in a sample of women in Misurata city
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37375/susj.v14i2.3097Keywords:
25-hydroxyvitamin D, vitamin D deficiency, women, MisurataAbstract
The city of Misurata is considered one of the sunny areas in North Africa, and several studies have shown the vitamin D deficiency in these areas. The current study aimed to evaluate vitamin D levels in women the city of Misurata and its relationship to some factors that may be related to it. The study community includes 131 women during a four-month period from April to the end of July of the year 2022, and a questionnaire was filled out for the cases of this study to cover the special data (age, marital status, eating some foods, and health status). The vitamin levels were divided into four levels, acute deficiency ,less than 10 nanograms / ml, a deficiency between 10-20 ng / ml, an insufficiency between 21-29 ng / ml, asufficiency level of more than 30 ng / ml, and the results showed that the percentage of vitamin D deficiency in general was 88.5%, and the severe deficiency formed the highest level of vitamin D deficiency At a rate of 38.5%, while the adequate level of vitamin D did not constitute more than 11.5%, and there was a relationship between vitamin D deficiency and pregnancy ( P-value < (0.05, and there was no relationship between vitamin D deficiency, age, sun exposure, some diseases, symptoms, and dietary pattern ( P-value < (0.05.We conclude through this study that vitamin D deficiency constituted a large proportion among women in the city of Misurata
References
- Shaker JL and Deftos L (2023) Calcium and Phosphate Homeostasis. [Updated 2023 May 17]. In: Feingold KR, Anawalt B, Blackman MR, et al., editors. Endotext [Internet]. South Dartmouth (MA): MDText.com, Inc.; 2000-. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK279023.
- Bikle DD (2014). Vitamin D metabolism, mechanism of action and clinical applications. Chemistry & biology, 21(3), 319–329 . https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chembiol.2013.12.01
-Mithal A, Wahl DA, Bonjour JP, et al (2009) Global vitamin D status and determinants of hypovitaminosis D. Osteoporosis International, 20, 1807–1820. CAS PubMed Web of Science® Google Scholar.
- Holick MF (2007) Vitamin D deficiency. New England Journal of Medicine, 357, 266–281. CAS PubMed Web of Science® Google Scholar.
- Chakhtoura M, Rahme M, Chamoun N, ElHajj Fuleihan G (2018) Vitamin D in the Middle East and North Africa. Bone Rep. 17;8:135-146. doi: 10.1016/j. bonr.2018.03.004. eCollection 2018 Jun. PubMed PMID: 29955632.
- World Health Organization (2005) Vitamin and mineral requirements in human nutrition, 2nd ed. World Health Organization https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/42716
- Nair R, & Maseeh A (2012). Vitamin D: The "sunshine" vitamin, Journal of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapeutics .3(2):118-26. DOI: 10.4103/0976 -500X.95506
-Sizar O, Khare S, Goyal A, et al (2023) Vitamin D Deficiency. [Updated 2023 Jul 17]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2024 Jan-. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK532266.
- Palacios C, Kostiuk LK, Peña-Rosas J (2019) Vitamin D supplementation for women during pregnancy. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 7 (7). CD008873
- Hintzpeter B, Mensink GB, Thierfelder W , Müller M J, Scheidt-Nave C (2008) Vitamin D status and health correlates among German adults. European journal of clinical nutrition, 62(9), 1079–1089. https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602825
- Abdulkader H, Al-sffar A (2021)Assessment of Vitamin D Level in a Sample of Iraqi Obese Women.IRAQI JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES.127-181.
- Saasaa,R.(2010) Low 25 Hydroxyvitamin D3 Levels in Healthy Syrians.Damascus University Journal of Health Sciences,28(2)9.
- Obaid A A. R, & Hussein M J (2021). Vitamin D deficiency/ insufficiency and some of its related factors in a sample of Iraqi pregnant women and their neonates at Al-Elwiya Maternity Teaching Hospital during 2019. AL-Kindy College Medical Journal, 17(3), 194–195.
- Jumma A (2019) Comparative study of Vitamin D levels in diabetic women and its correlation with age and seasonal variation. Tikrit Journal of pure Science.23-29.
- Al-Joudy A, khalef M (2022)Vitamin D Deficiency,its Relation to Bone,BackPain,Tiredness and Mood Improving in Adult Sample Collected from Baghdad City.Al-Esraa university college journal for medical science.63-78.
- Subasinghe H, Lekamwasam S, Ball P, Morrissey H, and Waidyaranatne EI (2019) Sunlight exposure and serum vitamin D status among community dwelling healthy women in Sri Lanka, European Journal of Pharmaceutical and Medical Research, ,6(9), 109-113.
- Abumhdi AA, Azab AE, Albasha MO (2019) Evaluation of Vitamin D Status among Populations in Alejelat, Libya. East .African Scholars J Med Sci. East African Scholars J Med Sci; Vol-2, Iss-11: 666-673
- Al-Graiw MH, Draid MM, Zaidi AM, Al-Griw HH ( 2020) Serum Vitamin D level and aassociated risk factors among libyan females living in Tripol Libya: A cross-sectional study. Libyan J Med Sci [serial, 4:169-73]. https://www.ljmsonline.com/text.asp?2020/4/4/169/305244
- Green RJ, Samy G, Miqdady M S, El-Hodhod M, Akinyinka O O, Saleh G, Haddad J, Alsaedi S A, Mersal, AY, Edris A, Salah M (2015). Vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency in Africa and the Middle East, despite year-round sunny days. SAMJ: South African Medical Journal, 105(7), 603-605. https://dx.doi.org/10.7196/SAMJNEW.7785
- Nasri H &Ardalan M R (2012). Association of serum vitamin D level with age in individuals with normal renal function. Journal of nephropharmacology, 1(1), 7–9.
- Zhao G, Ford ES, Tsai J, Li C, Croft JB (2012). Factors Associated with Vitamin D Deficiency and Inadequacy among Women of Childbearing Age in the United States. ISRN obstetrics and gynecology, 2012, 691486. https://doi.org/10.5402/2012/691486
- Ginde AA, Sullivan AF, Mansbach JM , Camargo CA (2010). Vitamin D insufficiency in pregnant and nonpregnant women of childbearing age in the United States. American journal of obstetrics and gynecology, 202(5), 436.e1–436.e4368. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2009.11.036
-Niramitmahapanya S, Harris SS, Dawson-Hughes B (2011). Type of dietary fat is associated with the 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 increment in response to vitamin D supplementation. The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 96(10), 3170–3174. https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2011-1518
- Mazahery H and Hurst PR (2015) Factors Affecting 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Concentration in Response to Vitamin D Supplementation. Nutrients 2015, 7, 5111-5142; doi:10.3390/nu7075111.
- Tangpricha V., Koutkia P., Rieke S.M., Chen T.C., Perez A.A., Holick M.F. Fortification of orange juice with vitamin D: A novel approach for enhancing vitamin D nutritional health. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 2003;77:1478–1483. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/77.6.1478. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Niramitmahapanya S, Harris SS, Dawson-Hughes B (2011) Type of dietary fat is associated with the 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 increment in response to vitamin D supplementation. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab ;96:3170–3174. doi: 10.1210/jc.2011-1518. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Itariu BK, Zeyda M, Leitner L, Marculescu R, Stulnig TM (2013)Treatment with n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids overcomes the inverse association of vitamin D deficiency with inflammation in severely obese patients: A randomized controlled trial. PLoS ONE;8:e54634. Doi : 10.1371/journal.pone.0054634. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Binkley N, Novotny R, Krueger D, Kawahara T, Daida YG, Lensmeyer G, Hollis BW, Drezner MK (2007) Low Vitamin D Status despite Abundant Sun Exposure, The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 92e(6)1, Pages 2130–2135 , https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2006-2250
- Wang H , Chen W, Li D, Yin X, Zhang X, Olsen N, & Zheng SG (2017). Vitamin D and Chronic Diseases. Aging and disease, 8(3), 346–353 . https://doi.org/10.14336/AD.2016.1021
- Holick MF (2004). Sunlight and vitamin D for bone health and prevention of autoimmune diseases, cancers, and cardiovascular disease. Am J Clin Nutr, 80: 1678s-1688s [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
-Mathieu C, Badenhoop K (2005). Vitamin D and type 1 diabetes mellitus: state of the art. Trends Endocrinol Metab, 16: 261-266 [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Sadat-Ali M, Al Essa ON, Alani FM , Al Omar HK, Ebrahim WY (2018) Correlation of symptoms to serum vitamin D levels? Clin Nutr ESPEN.;24:31-34. doi: 10.1016/j.
- Botelho J, Machado V, Proença L, Delgado AS, Mendes JJ (2020) Vitamin D Deficiency and Oral Health: A Comprehensive Review. Nutrients. 19;12(5):1471. doi: 10.3390/nu12051471.
- Wong SK, Chin KY, Nirwana S (2018). Vitamin D and Depression: The Evidence from an Indirect Clue to Treatment Strategy.Current drug targets, 19(8), 888–897. https://doi.org/10.2174/1389450118666170913161030.
– Okereke OL, Reynolds C, Mischoulon D, Chang G, Vyas CM, Cook NR, Weinberg A, Bubes V, Copeland T, Friedenberg G, Lee,IM, Buring JE, Manson JE (2020) Effect of long-term Vitamin D3supplementation vs placeb on Risk of Depression or Climically Relevant Depressive Symptoms and on change in mood scores :A Randomized clinical trial . JAMA ; journal American medical association ,324(5):471-480. doi: 10.1001/jama.2020.