Thermophysical Assessment of Advanced Absorbents for Solar-Driven Open Absorption Refrigeration Systems
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37375/mwj5xw15Keywords:
Solar cooling; Absorption refrigeration; Lithium bromide; Thermophysical properties; Open-cycle coolingAbstract
This study compares the thermophysical and operational behavior of LiBr–H₂O, LiBr–LiNO₃–H₂O, and LiBr–ZnCl₂–CaBr₂–H₂O absorbents for solar-driven open-cycle absorption refrigeration. Published experimental data and thermodynamic correlations are assessed in relation to vapor pressure, crystallization, viscosity, volumetric heat capacity, thermal conductivity, heat transfer, hydraulic resistance, and regeneration requirements. The comparative assessment indicates that conventional calcium chloride solutions are less suitable for practical open absorption cooling because of their relatively high vapor pressure and limited absorption capability. Modified lithium bromide solutions offer improved operational stability. In particular, the LiBr–ZnCl₂–CaBr₂–H₂O formulation shows favorable solubility, lower crystallization sensitivity, improved heat-transfer behavior, and reduced corrosion effects compared with conventional LiBr–H₂O. A concentration of approximately 70–75 % is identified as a practical compromise between absorption potential and increasing viscosity. Relatively high regeneration temperatures remain a limitation, suggesting the use of advanced solar thermal collectors and auxiliary low-grade heat sources. Experimental validation is recommended.
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