Response of Wheat and Barley Grown on Sandy Calcareous Soils to Organic and Inorganic Application
Keywords:
wheat, barley, sandy soil, biochar, compost, chicken manure, mineral fertilizationAbstract
Wheat and barley are the most important cereal crops of Egypt and well adapted to its soil and climatic conditions. Two field experiments in spit plot design were carried out in the growing season of 2014-2015 at Mansoura University Farm, Egypt, to investigate the growth and yield of wheat and barley as affected by organic amendments with different rates of mineral fertilization. Treatments of organic were chicken manure, compost and biochar, while the studied mineral fertilizer treatments took with rates of 50,75,100 and 125%.
The obtained results showed that interaction among chicken manure and 125% minerals fertilizers gave highest values of fresh yield of wheat and barley which was 1837.5 and 1263 g m-2 respectively. The highest levels on total dry weight of wheat were found between chicken manure and 125% minerals treatments which recorded 7143kg.fed-1. While the highest values on total dry weight of barley crop was found between biochar and 125% minerals treatments which recorded 5113 kg fed-1. Also, organic-mineral fertilization interaction significantly affects both wheat and barley plant height where chicken manure+125% of mineral fertilizer treatment recorded the highest values 94.50cm and 72.25cm respectively. In both crops the highest spike length was found due to apply chicken manure at rate of 5-ton fed-1 +125% of mineral recommended dose where the spike length of wheat and barley were 11.50 and 8.00 cm. Whereas, addition of biochar +50.0 % of minerals recommended dose slightly reduced spike length of wheat compared with the control. It can conclude chicken manure treatment was the superior and gave the highest values of most tested parameters compared with other amendments.
References
Alburquerque, J. A.; Salazar, P.; Barron, V.; Torrent, J.; Campillo,M. D. C. D.; Gallardo, A. and Villar, R. (2013) Enhanced wheat yield by biochar addition under different mineral fertilization levels. Agronomy for Sustainable Development 33: 475–484.
FAO 2012. Food and Agriculture Organisation. FAOSTAT database. http://faostat.fao.org/site/339/default.aspx . Accessed 2 November 2012.
Ahmed, A. A.; El-Henawy, A. S. and. Belal, E. B. (2012)effect of chemical nitrogen and compost rates on wheat productivity and soil properties. Minufiya J. Agric.. 37 (1): 123 – 137.
Adugna, G. (2016) A review on impact of compost on soil properties, water use and crop productivity. Academic, Res.J.Agri.Sci. 4(3): 93-104.
Abdel-Fattah, M. K., and Merwad, A. M. A. (2015). Effect of different sources of nitrogen fertilizers combined with vermiculite on productivity of wheat and availability of nitrogen in sandy soil in Egypt. Am. J. Plant Nutr. Fertil. Technol, 5(2), 50-60.
Badawy, F. H., Ahmed, M. M. M., El-Rewainy, H., and Ali, M. (2011). Response of wheat grown on sandy calcareous soils to organic manures and sulfur application. Egypt. J. Agric. Res, 89, 785-807.
Mostafa, H. M. (2004). Response of wheat plants grown in sandy, calcareous and clayey soils to the integrated application of organic manures and biofertilization . J. Agric. Sci. Mansoura Univ. 29 (3): 1473-1485.
Ofosu-Anim, J., and Leitch, M. (2009). Relative efficacy of organic manures in spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) production. Australian Journal of Crop Science, 3(1), 13-19.
Olmo, M., Alburquerque, J. A., Barrón, V., Del Campillo, M. C., Gallardo, A., Fuentes, M., and Villar, R. (2014). Wheat growth and yield responses to biochar addition under Mediterranean climate conditions. Biology and Fertility of Soils, 50(8), 1177-1187.
Dume, B., Mosissa, T., and Nebiyu, A. (2016). Effect of biochar on soil properties and lead (Pb) availability in a military camp in South West Ethiopia. African Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, 10(3), 77-85.
Abbasi, M. K., and Anwar, A. A. (2015). Ameliorating effects of biochar derived from poultry manure and white clover residues on soil nutrient status and plant growth promotion-greenhouse experiments. PloS one, 10 (6).
Mierzwa-Hersztek, M., Gondek, K., & Baran, A. (2016). Effect of poultry litter biochar on soil enzymatic activity, ecotoxicity and plant growth. Applied soil ecology, 105, 144-150.
Ellmer, F.; Vogel, H and Reibe, K. (2014). Effects of biochar on the Soil-Plant-System. Biochar in Agriculture. 2nd Public-Newsletter – March .2-5.
Babaeian, M.; Esmaeilian, Y.; Tavassoli, A and Javaheri, M (2011) interaction of micro and macro elements with manure on barley feed yield and soil nutrient content in Sistan region . African Journal of Biotechnology . 10(75) : 17175-17179.
Eusuf zai, A. K.; Horiuchi, T. and Matsul, T. (2008). Effect of compost and reen manure of pea and their combination with chicken manure and rapeseed oil residue on soil fertility and nutrient uptake in wheat –rice croppin system.Afr.J.Ari.Res.3(9):633-369.
Jackson, M. L.(1967). Soil Chemical Analysis. Printic Hall Englewood Cliffs,New Jersy.
A.O.A.C. (1990). Official Methods of analysis of official analytical chemistry. Publ. by the Association of Analytical Chemistry, Inc., Arlington, West Virginia, U.S.A.
Gomez, K. A. and A. A. Gomez (1984): Statistical Procedures for Agricultural Research 2nd Ed, John Wiley and Sons. Inc. New York.
Rashwan, B., Ali, M., and Ferweez, H. (2018). Growth, Yield, Bulb Quality and Storability of Garlic (Allium sativum L.) as Affected by Using Poultry Manure, Sulphur and Different Levels of Phosphorus Fertilizer. Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering, 9(10), 447-459.
Islam, M. R., Abedin, M. Z., Rahman, M. Z., & Begum, A. (2009). Use of some Selected Wastes as Sustainable Agricultural Inputs. Progressive Agriculture, 20(1-2), 201-206.
Mohamed, G., Awadalla, H., and El-Sheref, G. (2018). Effect of Organic Sources and Levels under Bio-Fertilization on Wheat Productivity and Soil Properties and its Fertility. Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering, 9(12), 699-708.
Ibrahim,I.E.; Hassan,A.E.; Elasha,E.A and Elagab,S.(2011) Effect of organic manures on yield and yield components of rain-fed sorghum in the Gedarif State.. Journal of Science and Technology 12 (2):48-57.
Abd-Elhamied, A., & Fouda, K. (2018). Influence of Application Methods of Biochar and Poultry Manure on Yield and Nutrients Uptake of Sunflower Plant Fertilized with Different Nitrogen Rates. Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering, 9(1), 47-53.
Galal, O., Sarhan, M., & El-Hafeez, A. (2017). Evaluation of the Effect of Amino Acids, Sulphur and Farmyard Manure Along with Phosphorus Fertilization on Wheat Production, Nutrient Status and Soil Properties. Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering, 8(4), 139-147.
Al-Omari, M. O. R. and Qauod, (2004) Effect of Using Organic fertilizers on the Productivity of Local Wheat Varieties. PhD theses . Najah. Univ. 1-55.
El-Hamdi, K., Omar, M., & El-Gendy, M. (2019). Yield and Nutrient Concentrations of Wheat Plants as Affected by the Interaction between Organic Manuers, Phosphorus and Potassium Fertilizers. Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering, 10(2), 99-105.
Agegnehu, G.; Bird, M. I.; Nelson, P. and Bass, A. M. (2015) The ameliorating effects of biochar and compost on soil quality and plant growth on a Ferralsol. Soil Research 53: 1–12
Mitnala, J. (2016). Assessment of Chemical and Biological Parameters in Sorghum-Wheat Cropping Sequence under Long Term Fertilization-A Review.
Steiner C, Glaser B, Teixeira W, Lehmann J, Blum W, ZechW(2008) Nitrogen retention and plantuptake on a highly weathered Central Amazonian Ferralsol amended with compost and charcoal. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science 171: 893–899.
Wang, J., Pan, X., Liu, Y., Zhang, X., & Xiong, Z. (2012). Effects of biochar amendment in two soils on greenhouse gas emissions and crop production. Plant and soil, 360(1-2), 287-298.
