Perception Towards Cigarette Smoking And Awareness Of Risk Of Cigarette Smoking Among Sibu Population In Sibu District From April To July 2020.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37375/sjms.v1i1.291الكلمات المفتاحية:
Cigarette، Smoking، Perception، Awareness، Sibuالملخص
Background: Cigarette smoking is a crucial public health problem with 1.3 billion smokers around the world, causing 5 million death annually. In Malaysia, the prevalence of cigarette smoking among both male and female Malaysian adults aged 15 years and above is 23.1%, and is highest in those aged 21-30 years old. Although majority of people in Malaysia have knowledge on harmfulness of smoking and second-hand smoke, their perception towards smoking is not clearly determined. Thus, we conducted a study to determine the perception and awareness of risk of cigarette smoking in Sibu community.
Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted in Sibu districtdistrict from April to May 2018, involving 356 respondents. A questionnaire was used to collect data, which consists of four sections. These covered the sociodemographic data, smoking status of respondents, their perception towards cigarette smoking and knowledge regarding the risk of cigarette smoking and second-hand smoke. The data were then analyzed using SPSS version 22.
Results: The respondents’ overall perception towards cigarette smoking is strongly positive with 50.6% out of 356 respondents. Awareness on risk of cigarette smoking is high with 81.7% having good awareness level in contrast to only 3.1% having poor awareness level. There is a significant difference on perception level between smoking status, genders, different education level and different occupation. There is also a significant difference between awareness of risk of cigarette smoking and education level and occupation.
Conclusion: Generally, the perception level towards cigarette smoking among sibu community is strongly positive and thus, against smoking .As well as their awareness level towards risk of smoking is relatively high with majority having good awareness level. This shows that most of Sibu community have good knowledge of cigarette smoking and are against smoking.
المراجع
Abdullah M, Karim AA, Goh KL (2010) Late presentation of esophageal cancer: Observations in a multiracial South-East Asian population. J Dig Dis. 11, pp. 28-33.
Abidin E, Hashim Z, Semple S. (2013) Second-Hand Smoke in Public Spaces: How Effective has Partial Smoke-Free Legislation Been in Malaysia? Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention. 14 (11), pp. 6845-6850.
A Dao Thi Minh An, Hoang Van Minh. (2013) Knowledge of the health consequences of tobacco smoking: a cross-sectional survey of Vietnamese adults. Global health action.
Al-Naggar A, Redhwan AJ, Ammar A, Bobryshev YV. (2012) Prevalence of cigarette smoking and associated factors among secondary school teachers in Malaysia. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 13, pp. 5539-43.
Al-Sadat N, Misau AY, Zarihah Z, Su TT. (2010) Adolescent tobacco use and health in Southeast Asia. Asia-Pacific J Public Heal. 22(3), pp. 1755- 805.
Brandt A. The Cigarette Century: The Rise, (2007) Fall, and Deadly Persistence of the Product That Defined America. New York: Basic books.
Cheah YK, Naidu BM. (2012) Exploring factors influencing smoking behaviour in Malaysia. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 13, pp. 1125-30.
Cite as - Chua P, Shean Y, Lim E, et al. (2013) Tobacco Use & Nicotine Dependence in a Selected Village of Northern Borneo. Borneo J Med Sciences. 7, pp. 28-36.
Doll, R.; Hill, B. (2004). "The mortality of doctors in relation to their smoking habits: a preliminary report: (Reprinted from Br Med J 1954:ii;1451-5)". BMJ (Clinical research ed.). 328 (7455), pp. 1529–1533.
(2013) Epidemiology of smoking among Malaysian adult males: prevalence and associated factors. BMC Public Health. 13, pp. 8.
Gately, Iain. (2004) Tobacco: A Cultural History of How an Exotic Plant Seduced Civilization. Diane.
Institute For Public Health. (2011) Report of the Global Adult Tobacco Survey (GATS) Malaysia. Kuala Lumpur.
Institute For Public Health, National Health and Morbidity Survey. (2015) Report on Smoking Status Among Malaysian Adults. Kuala Lumpur.
Juslina O, Leelavathi M, Khairani O, Iryani T. (2011) Prevalence of smoking among secondary school students in Sarawak. Malaysian Fam Physician. 6(2), pp. 66.
Kuang Hock Lim. (2017) Smoking among school-going adolescents in selected secondary schools in Peninsular Malaysia- findings from the Malaysian Adolescent Health Risk Behaviour (MyaHRB) study.
Liam CK, Pang YK, Leow CH, Shymala P, Menon AA. (2006) Changes in the distribution of lung cancer cell types and patient demography in a developing multiracial Asian country. Lung Cancer. 53, pp. 23-30.
Lim KH, Amal NM, Hanjeet K, Wan Rozita WM, Sumarni. (2005) Prevalence, knowledge and attitude towards Risk of smoking among elderly males aged 60 years and above in Malaysia. Mal J Public Health Med. 5(2), pp. 32–8.
Lim KH, Amal NM, Hanjeet K, et al. (2006) Prevalence and factors related to smoking among secondary school students in Kota Tinggi District, Johor, Malaysia. Trop Biomed. 23(1), pp. 75-84.
Lim K, Teh C, Nik Mohamed M, Pan S, Ling M, Mohd Yusoff M et al. (2018) Exposure to tobacco second hand smoke and its associated factors among non-smoking adults in smoking-restricted and non-restricted areas: findings from a nationwide study in Malaysia. BMJ Open. 8(1), e017203.
Mahdi Fallahi, Norashidah MN. (2015) The impact of Human Development on Cigarettes Consumption in Malaysia. International Journal of Economics and Management.
Manaf RA, Shamsuddin K. (2018) Smoking among Young Urban Malaysian Women and its Risk Factors. Asia Pac J Public Health. 20, pp. 204-13.
Masran M, Syed Mohamed A. (2006) The study of smoking effect on work performance among staff of Health Department of Malacca. J KesihatMasy. 12 (1).
Minhat HS, Huda BZ, Anita AR, Muhammad Hanafiah Juni. (2015) Knowledge on Smoking Behaviour among Felda Settler in Malaysia. International Journal of Public Health and Clinical Sciences. 2(1), pp. 128-134.
Ministry Of Health Malaysia. Institute for Public Health. The Third National Health and Morbidity Survey (NMHS III) 2006: executive summary. Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia: Ministry of Health Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur.
Nurul Izzati AH, Nor Azlina AR, Nor Iza AR, Mainul H. (2016) Knowledge, Attitude and Practice towards Smoking among International Islamic University Malaysia Kuantan Communities. International Medica Journal Malaysia. 15(2), pp. 19-26.
Osman A. (2007) Prevalence of Smoking Among Secondary School Students and Its Associated Factors in the District of Kuantan, Malaysia, Master Of Science Thesis. Universiti Putra Malaysia.
Parkin C, Fairweather DB, Shamsi Z, Stanley N, Hindmarch I. (1998) "The effects of cigarette smoking on overnight performance". Psychopharmacology. 136 (2)
Pillay KVK, Htun M, Naing NN, Norsa’adah B. (2007) Helicobacter Pylori Infection in Peptic Ulcer Disease: the Importance of Smoking and Ethnicity. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Heal. 38(6), pp. 1102-10.
PinPin Zheng Haihong Qian Fan Wang Shaojing Sun Eric J. Nehl Frank Y. Wong (2013) Health Education Research, Volume 28, Issue 5, pp. 879–887.
Shafey O, Dolwick S, Guindon GE, editors. (2003) Tobacco Control Country Profiles. Atlanta, GA: American Cancer Society.
Shamsuddin K, Abdul Haris M. (2000) Family influence on current smoking habits among secondary school children in Kota Bharu, Kelantan. Singapore Med J. 41(4), pp. 167-71.
Tee GH, Gurpreet K, Hairi NN, Zarihah Z, Fadzilah K. (2013) Smoking behaviours and attitudes toward tobacco control among assistant environmental health officer trainees. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 17, pp. 1652-5.
Wei Lei Hum. (2016) A Review of Smoking Research in Malaysia Med J Malaysia Vol 71.
WHO/WPRO (2002) Smoking Statistics. World Health Organization Regional Office for the Western Pacific.
World Health Organization. (2008) World Health Organization. WHO Report on the Global Tobacco Epidemic.
Zulkifli A, Abidin N, Abidin E, Hashim Z, Rahman A, Rasdi I et al. (2014) Implementation of Smoke-free Legislation in Malaysia: Are Adolescents Protected from Respiratory Health Effects. Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention. 15(12), pp. 4815-4821.
