Effect of different concentration and source of maize plant parts extract on the germination and growth of seedlings of seeding wheat

Abstract

The aim of this study was to test the allelopathic phenomenon of maize residues on germination and growth of wheat seedlings. A laboratory experiment was conducted in the Grain Technology Laboratory in the Department of Crops - College of Agriculture - Omar Al-Mukhtar University during the year 2020 to determine the effect of four concentrations of the extracts of the urban and root system of the maize crop, which are 5, 10, 15, 20% on the germination and growth of the seedlings of the wheat crop. Results:

The presence of significant differences in the percentage of germination when treated with different concentrations of vegetative wastes and root wastes of yellow corn, as it was found that there is a gradual decrease in the percentage of germination with an increase in the concentration used for yellow corn.

The increase in extract concentrations from 5% to 15% led to stimulating the growth of seedlings, as the seedlings growing with the vegetable extract gave the highest concentration of 15% in the length of the seedlings, feathers and rootstocks, and their dry weight was significant, with an increase in the concentrations up to 15%, then it decreased when concentrated. 20%

Whereas, the high concentration of the aqueous extract of the root system stimulated the growth of the rootstock with high significant differences, as the concentration of 20% of the extract of the root system of maize gave the highest root length of wheat seedlings of 15.27 cm compared to the control, which gave the lowest average of 4.47 cm.

Also, the high concentration of the aqueous extract of the root system + the vegetable extract stimulated the growth of the root system with high significant differences, as the concentration of 20% of the extract of the root system of maize gave the highest length of the rootstock of wheat seed 15.27 cm compared to the control, which gave the lowest averages of 4.47 cm.

The growth characteristics of wheat seedlings were decreased in the comprehensive corn root and leaf extract, but the leaf concentrations were more effective than the root extract.