Effect of the environments cultivars and tillage systems on the quality traits of sunflower

Abstract

Two filed experiments in two environments , first in El-Baida (A) Libya situated at 21° 46´ N , 32° 36´ E and 588 m over sea and the second were in Lagadadi Ethiopia (B) situated in 15° 3´N , 33° 46´E and 2388 m over sea during first season 2014 for (A) and 2015 in (B) to study the quality traits of sunflower seeds of the cultivars Giza 102 and Sakha 52 under conventional tillage (CT) or reduced tillage (RT). The experiment layout in split – split plot design by 4 replicates . Environments represented in the main plot, cultivars in the subplots and the tillage systems in the sub subplots by an area 5X3 (15m² ). The results showed significant differences (P<0.01) in seed oil contents during the environments , greatest 39.94% in (B) comparing to the least 32.27% in (A)environments, without affect of that content due to the other factors. Humidity % of oil pronounced significant affect  (P<0.05) by the  environments, large 5.35% from (B) comparing to the other factors except from tillage system the great 4.8% from (CT) comparing to the least 4.12 due to (RT). Only environments exhibit significant differences in the Iodine number of the oil least 116.4 mg/g oil were from (B) comparing to the greatest 189.4 mg/g from (A). Similarly in saponification number the great 7.42 mg/g in (A) condition comparing to the least 7.29 mg/g from (B) condition. Similar response regarding to the oil light reflectance , the least 1.47% from (A) condition , while , the large 1.49% in (B) condition, mean while these traits were not affected by the other factors . Seeds protein contents pronounced significant affect from environments , greatest 8.56% from (B) while , least 6.36% were from (A) conditions without affecting of that contents from the other factors>