The Future of Solar Energy in Libya: Reality, Challenges and Future Opportunities

Abstract

Solar energy is one of the most important renewable energy sources with significant potential to achieve environmental and economic sustainability, due to its role in reducing greenhouse gas emissions and decreasing reliance on fossil fuels. This study aims to explore citizens’ perspectives on the future of solar energy in Libya, focusing on their awareness of its benefits and the challenges to its adoption. The study targeted a sample of high school, university, and postgraduate degree holders in western Libya during the Fall semester of 2024, with data collected through an online questionnaire. The results indicate that more than half of the participants are unaware of a clear governmental plan to adopt solar energy, while most believe that the government may begin implementing it within 10–15 years, provided that adequate infrastructure and investments are in place. The majority also expressed willingness to use solar energy in their homes if incentives and governmental support were available. The study concludes that Libya possesses natural conditions that could make it a leading country in solar energy utilization; however, achieving this requires supportive policies, infrastructure development, increased public awareness, and overcoming economic and technical barriers.